據報道,山(shan)東(dong)和云南的(de)科學家研發了一種“全(quan)天候(hou)”發電的(de)太陽能電池。

　　“全天候(hou)”太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)工作原理是：當太陽光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)射到太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)時，并不是所有(you)的(de)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)都能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)被電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)所吸(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)并轉換(huan)為電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，只有(you)部分可(ke)(ke)見(jian)光(guang)(guang)被有(you)效(xiao)轉換(huan)為電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。為此(ci)，他(ta)們(men)在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)引入(ru)一(yi)種關鍵材料。在白天太陽光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)時，這(zhe)一(yi)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)轉換(huan)效(xiao)率略有(you)提高，同時還能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)把未被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)的(de)可(ke)(ke)見(jian)光(guang)(guang)和(he)近紅外(wai)光(guang)(guang)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量儲存(cun)在這(zhe)種材料中(zhong)，并在夜晚(wan)(wan)以單(dan)色可(ke)(ke)見(jian)光(guang)(guang)釋放。此(ci)時，單(dan)色可(ke)(ke)見(jian)光(guang)(guang)又被光(guang)(guang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)劑吸(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)并轉換(huan)為電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，從而實現了(le)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在白天和(he)夜晚(wan)(wan)都可(ke)(ke)以發電(dian)(dian)。

　　優化的全天候太陽能電池太陽光照時的光電轉換效率為10%，在夜晚的光電轉換效率為25%以上。同時，這一類太陽能電池在夜晚的發電時間可以持續數小時。這一研究有助于延長太陽能電池的發電時間，有望實現在任何時段、任何天氣下發電。有關成果已在國內申請了發明專利。

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