1國(guo)內(nei)引種企(qi)業以大(da)型(xing)集團公(gong)司為主

　　2015年我國(guo)(guo)(guo)共從(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)進(jin)(jin)口曾(ceng)祖代(dai)種(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)4442頭，分別(bie)來自法國(guo)(guo)(guo)、丹麥、美國(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)加拿大。種(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)企業(ye)(ye)引(yin)種(zhong)情(qing)況見表(biao)1，由表(biao)1可見，2015年年度引(yin)種(zhong)企業(ye)(ye)以大型集團公(gong)司(si)(si)為(wei)主。以美國(guo)(guo)(guo)PIC公(gong)司(si)(si)及(ji)連(lian)云港丹育公(gong)司(si)(si)為(wei)例，今后大型種(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)司(si)(si)以每(mei)年進(jin)(jin)口批量(liang)優質(zhi)種(zhong)公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)優質(zhi)公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)精(jing)液將(jiang)逐漸成為(wei)一種(zhong)趨(qu)勢(shi)。但(dan)因國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)育種(zhong)水(shui)平的先(xian)進(jin)(jin)以及(ji)生產(chan)性(xing)能的比較(jiao)優勢(shi)，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)大型豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)公(gong)司(si)(si)從(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)直(zhi)接進(jin)(jin)口優質(zhi)良種(zhong)的局面在短(duan)時間內很難改變。

　　2種豬進(jin)口數(shu)量再度銳減

　　比(bi)較(jiao)近(jin)幾年(nian)(nian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)從(cong)(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)據，2014年(nian)(nian)后我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)從(cong)(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)急劇(ju)下(xia)降(jiang)。下(xia)降(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)因我們(men)認為(wei)有如下(xia)因素：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)2013—2014年(nian)(nian)養豬(zhu)行(xing)情持(chi)續(xu)低迷有關(guan);二是(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)新(xin)建(jian)場開工(gong)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)減(jian)少有一(yi)定關(guan)系(xi);三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)前幾年(nian)(nian)較(jiao)多(duo)企業持(chi)續(xu)大(da)(da)批從(cong)(cong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)導致原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)供(gong)應充足;四是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外大(da)(da)型種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)司直接在中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)或與(yu)(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企業合(he)資建(jian)場，并實行(xing)同(tong)步育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，使得國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內養豬(zhu)企業不再遠涉(she)重洋就能引(yin)進國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)。如美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)華(hua)特希爾與(yu)(yu)唐人神先(xian)后合(he)資在湖南株洲和(he)(he)(he)河(he)北衡(heng)水建(jian)了GGP原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)場。丹育(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際與(yu)(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)先(xian)后合(he)資興建(jian)的(de)(de)連云港丹育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)技術有限公(gong)司和(he)(he)(he)河(he)南華(hua)揚農牧集團(tuan)，加拿大(da)(da)海波爾分別(bie)在山東煙(yan)臺(tai)與(yu)(yu)江西(xi)武寧設立了2個下(xia)屬合(he)資核心育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場，河(he)南省新(xin)大(da)(da)牧業有限公(gong)司和(he)(he)(he)法國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)科派(pai)亞克亞特蘭(lan)蒂克合(he)資組建(jian)的(de)(de)河(he)南科普利信(xin)新(xin)大(da)(da)公(gong)司等(deng)。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已完成100家核心場的(de)(de)遴選(xuan)，建(jian)成了較(jiao)為(wei)完備(bei)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體系(xi)，已具(ju)備(bei)一(yi)定的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)供(gong)應的(de)(de)基礎。

　　3種(zhong)豬進口來源更加(jia)理性

　　目(mu)前及(ji)今后我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)口種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更加注(zhu)重對(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)供種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)單位的綜(zong)合評(ping)估，選種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不再以體(ti)(ti)型作為唯一(yi)主要的評(ping)價因素，而是以供種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)單位或引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家的育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、遺傳進(jin)展水平(ping)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)生(sheng)產性(xing)能(neng)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)適應(ying)性(xing)和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)質量(liang)等(deng)多(duo)方(fang)面因素進(jin)行評(ping)估。由(you)此，引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家也從以美國(guo)(guo)(guo)為主，轉為從美國(guo)(guo)(guo)、加拿大、丹麥和(he)法國(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)多(duo)個國(guo)(guo)(guo)家進(jin)口